Tax gap

New figures show that HMRC’s efforts to make taxpayers pay the right tax brought in £22 for every £1 spent last year. That’s exceptional value for money. Nonetheless beneath the headline numbers there’s a more complicated story about how HMRC’s tax compliance efforts are changing.

HMRC’s latest figures present a very different picture to previous years. The amount of due taxes going unpaid may be £6 billion bigger than previously thought — and going up, not down. Any incoming prime minister (or Chancellor) will have to go faster and further to tackle tax non-compliance if they want to stick to current spending commitments, let alone introduce new ones.

On 18 May, MPs quizzed senior HMRC officials about how they’re making the biggest multinational companies pay their due taxes. HMRC officials confirmed TaxWatch’s findings that HMRC simply doesn’t know some key facts about its own tax enforcement efforts: including, astonishingly, how many large businesses they are currently investigating for tax fraud or other serious, deliberate tax non-compliance.

While consumers’ fuel bills go up, a £1.5 billion tax bill levied on one of the world’s biggest oil traders remains unsettled. This week it announced bumper trading profits amidst the global oil supply shock. HMRC first alleged that the company’s oil trading profits were being shifted artificially to Switzerland fifteen years ago. So how are the same transactions still continuing today?

A new National Audit Office enquiry to which TaxWatch gave evidence finds that large business ‘compliance yield’ – unpaid taxes that were recovered or prevented by HMRC’s efforts – has doubled over the last three years. That begs the question: are the UK’s biggest companies avoiding paying their due taxes more than previously?

Parliament’s Business and Trade Committee says tax compliance is crushing small businesses. HMRC says small business tax abuse is out of control. Can both be true?

The annual Sunday Times’ Tax List claims to show the ‘unsung heroes’ who are the UK’s Top 100 taxpayers. And there are tax heroes who are paying their fair share. But not all that glistens is gold…

On 13 January, Parliament’s Treasury Select Committee grilled HMRC’s chief and senior staff about their efforts to tackle tax avoidance, evasion and tax debt. MPs referenced TaxWatch research and investigations in questions about corporate tax reliefs, recruitment, penalties for enablers of tax evasion, and the ‘offshore tax gap’. There was good news in some of the responses – but others raised more questions.

HMRC has promised that from 2026 it will transform the way it uses digital tools to tackle tax evasion and interface with taxpayers. With the clock ticking, here are five things we found out this year about how HMRC’s digital transformation – including Making Tax Digital – is going.